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What is the correct order of the phases in the DMAIC methodology?
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Q1. What is the correct order of the phases in the DMAIC methodology?
Correct answer: B. Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control
DMAIC stands for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control, the standard Six Sigma project framework.
Q2. Which of the following is NOT one of the traditional four categories of cost of quality?
Correct answer: D. Marketing costs
The four cost of quality categories are prevention, appraisal, internal failure, and external failure costs; marketing costs are not one of them.
Q3. In a typical Six Sigma organizational structure, which role is primarily responsible for mentoring and training Black Belts and Green Belts across multiple projects?
Correct answer: A. Master Black Belt
The Master Black Belt is a full-time expert who trains and coaches Black Belts and Green Belts and provides technical guidance across projects.
Q4. A process operating at a Six Sigma quality level (with the standard 1.5 sigma long-term shift applied) corresponds to approximately how many defects per million opportunities (DPMO)?
Correct answer: A. 3.4 DPMO
With the standard 1.5 sigma shift, a Six Sigma process yields approximately 3.4 DPMO; the other values correspond to lower sigma levels (5, 4, and 3 sigma respectively).
Q5. A process produces 250 defects across 10,000 units, and each unit has 5 opportunities for a defect to occur. What is the DPMO for this process?
Correct answer: C. 5,000 DPMO
DPMO = (defects / (units x opportunities)) x 1,000,000 = (250 / (10,000 x 5)) x 1,000,000 = 5,000 DPMO.
Q6. In the SIPOC tool used during the Define phase, what does the 'S' represent?
Correct answer: C. Suppliers
SIPOC stands for Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, and Customers, a high-level process map used early in a project.
Q7. What is the primary purpose of gathering Voice of the Customer (VOC) data during the Define phase?
Correct answer: B. To identify customer needs and expectations that drive project requirements
VOC captures customer needs, wants, and expectations, which are translated into measurable requirements for the project.
Q8. Which document formally authorizes a Six Sigma project, defining the business case, problem statement, goal statement, scope, and team members?
Correct answer: C. Project charter
The project charter is the foundational Define-phase document that authorizes the project and outlines its business case, scope, goals, and team.
Q9. A Critical to Quality (CTQ) characteristic is best described as a:
Correct answer: D. Measurable product or process characteristic tied directly to a customer requirement
CTQs translate broad Voice of the Customer statements into specific, measurable characteristics the team must control to satisfy the customer.
Q10. A Green Belt is leading a project where the finance department wants to minimize project cost while the operations department wants to maximize scope. Both groups have significant influence over the project's success. According to standard stakeholder analysis practice, what is the most appropriate first step?
Correct answer: B. Map stakeholders by their level of influence and interest, then develop a targeted engagement and communication plan
Stakeholder analysis (e.g., an influence-interest grid) helps the team understand competing priorities and tailor engagement and communication strategies rather than avoiding or escalating the conflict prematurely.
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